The Ultimate Strategy to Papers Written for You

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The Theory Of Property And Property Rights - 900 Words

The concept of property and property rights is a topic which many philosophers have struggled to describe. The renowned political theorists Thomas Hobbes and John Locke hold vastly different opinions in regard to the concept of property. In 1651, Hobbes outlined his views in his book, Leviathan, where he discusses societal structure and his social contract theory. Almost forty years later, Locke published his Second Treatise of Government, in which he described mankind’s state of nature, and natural rights. These two works expressed near complete opposite viewpoints in regards to the nature of property and human rights. Thomas Hobbes’ begins his Leviathan with a dark and harrowing description of the state of nature. He describes the state of nature as a state of chaos and war, where â€Å"every man is enemy to every man† (Hobbs 78). To him, the state of nature is one of constant selfish competition; a world which is completely devoid of religion, science, and cul ture. As far as property rights are concerned, there are none. According to Hobbes in this state of nature there is no such thing as rightful ownership. He writes that â€Å"every man has a right to everything, even to one another’s body. And therefore, as long as this natural right of every man to everything endureth, there can be no security to any man, how strong or wise so ever he be† (80). Hobbes believes that since there is no hope for security in the state of nature, men need to enter a social contract. In Hobbes’Show MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Justice and the Good1551 Words   |  7 Pagesto explain the exact characteristics and outline a moral distribution of possessions. From just after the First World War to present day, liberal perspectives emerged and flourished across a variety of ideological theories and continue to influence political thinking in regards to rights, equality and freedom. With this emergence came two very influential theo rists in libertarian political philosophy, Robert Nozick and John Rawls, who take very different approaches to how justice relates to the goodRead MoreJohn Locke s Theory Of Classical Liberalism1132 Words   |  5 PagesProperty has been a main focal point in almost every society, because setting a principle to define one s possessions is an important aspect in citizen’s lives. This is why the majority of countries contain some form of property rights. In broad terms, property is defined as a thing that someone possesses. Throughout many years the definition of property has changed, and many philosophers have been able to address the different variations of property. Today, the definition of property is complexRead MoreThe Effects Of Digital Media On The World Of Copyrights1531 Words   |  7 Pagesfamiliarity to intellectual property or copyright laws. When dealing with sources found digitally the laws become even more blurred and confusing; Copyright laws, traditionally, were intended protect authors and artists and physical mediums. Lawmakers’ struggle with copyright law is how to apply laws intended for one purpose to today’s high tech environment fast-paced environment. Laws are continuously being proposed and paced to stop piracy and infringement of intellectual properties (Yearneau, 2010; JamarRead MoreComparison between Two Political Thinkers and and their Understanding of Private Property1464 Words   |  6 PagesPolitical theories have been collected throughout history, and often shine light and cause debate surrounding the positions of common socio-political themes and topics. When studying political theory, it is important to recognize the philosopher behind the written work, and comprehend why they reflect the political beliefs that they do. This paper will compare and contrast two of the most noted and influential political thinkers and their understanding of private property. The first theory is foundRead MoreRawlsâ€℠¢s and Nozick’s Theory on Distributive Justice1604 Words   |  7 Pagesthen contrast two distributive justice theories. First this essay will demonstrate how Rawls’s theory will affect the society and its structure in terms of basic social institutions, wealth distribution and major economic limits and opportunities. Then, the essay will demonstrate the same for Nozick’s theory on distributive justice. I will then describe, in which society I would prefer to live in and why. In my understanding John Rawls bases his theory on the veil of ignorance. It’s an imaginativeRead MoreAge Of Enlightenment755 Words   |  4 Pagesintellectual thinkers, such as John Locke, which helped shape and influence modern government and politics. John Locke is recognized as the father of classical liberalism, introducing the Two Treatises of Government, Social Contract, and private property, which formed the basis for the constitutions in westernized democratic powers such as the United States of America and the United Kingdom. The Two Treatises of Government became the most influential pieces of work that John Locke had created duringRead MoreThe Modern State Concerns The Concept Of Property1471 Words   |  6 Pagesconcerns the concept of property. Whether property encompasses objects, land, or even ideas, we have laws to define the process by which we can justly gain ownership of certain things and to give us security once we hold this property, and a judicial system to punish those who don’t abide by the rules. But to what extent do we have a right to property, and how do we justly obtain it? The British philosopher John Locke (1632-1704) argues that the origins of private property are to be found in how weRead MoreCopyright Law Protects Functional Products, Processes, And Designs1315 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction â€Å"Intellectual Property†(IP) provides an intangible property rights protecting a product or creations, and regulates the uses of different sorts of ideas and insignia such as industrial design, literature, and artistic works inclusive of symbols, names and images. It is enforced by means of patented inventions, copyrights and trademarks where each protects distinct subject matter and promotes a unique social goal. Patent law protects functional products, processes andRead MoreEthics And Technology : Controversies, Questions, And Strategies For Ethical Computing773 Words   |  4 PagesControversies, Questions, and Strategies for Ethical Computing by Herman T. Tavani is about intellectual property disputes. Tavani defines intellectual property as an intangible form of property that is protected by a system of laws through which authors and inventors are given ownership rights over their creative works and inventions. There are four legal frameworks for protecting intellectual property. The first of these is copyright laws. Copyright laws protect authors. An author can also be anRead MoreDifference Between A Lockean Labour Theory Of Property893 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween a Lockean labour theory of property and what I will refer to as a force theory of property. I will attempt to show that not only does a Lockean labour theory have significant problems when applied to cases that a force view of property does not have but also that even if you want to defend various liberal principles in the natural rights tradition you can also do so using a force theory of property. What is force theory? Force theory I will define as your property is limited to that which

Essay on Symbolism in The Masque of the Red Death

Edgar Allen Poe, in the short story â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, shows how people may try to outsmart death and surpass it, but in the end they will die since death is inevitable. He reveals this in the book by showing all the people closed up in the abbey that belongs to Prince Prospero. They are trying to escape the â€Å"Red Death† and think that they can escape the death by hiding away in the abbey. They manage to stay safe for six months but in the end they all die after the stroke of midnight during the masquerade ball Prince Prospero puts on from the Red Death itself which appears after midnight and leaves no survivors in the end. Poe develops the theme of how no one can escape death through the use of the point of view, the setting,†¦show more content†¦He also took the precautions to not allow anything through the windows not even light so he uses â€Å"the fires [to] create the illusion of daylight† to come through each of the colored gl ass window panes (Dudley). The colored rooms are also a big part of the setting as well as being a form of symbolism also. He goes into great detail of all seven of the colored rooms. The rooms started in the east with the blue room and concluded in the west with the black room. All of the rooms had matching wall and windows except the one that is farthest west which is the black room with the blood red window that houses the clock that could be heard through the entire abbey. The colors of the rooms are symbolic in many ways. They can be taken as a biblical symbol that Hubert Zapf shows in his article which states, â€Å"†¦ of human life which leads from the color blue to the color black, from light to darkness, from creation to destruction.†, which can then be used to compare to the way the path goes when Prospero is trying to catch the masked figure and his destruction of Prospero takes place in the black room with the red window (Zapf). The rooms also canShow MoreRelatedSymbolism In The Masque Of The Red Death708 Words   |  3 PagesDeath is something everyone frets on a daily basis. Edgar Allan Poe stresses how death is an unavoidable reality in his short story â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†. Prince Prospero, a lying, cowardly, untrustworthy leader pretends to be helping his town as people are suddenly dying off from the Red Death, when he is actually just protecting himself and leaving his town helpless. This story is shown through the use of many symbols and events. Ultimately Poe utilizes symbolism in order to convey theRead MoreSymbolism In The Masque Of The Red Death766 Words   |  4 PagesThe Masque of the Red Death Poe often gives memory the power to keep the dead alive. Which in the short story Poe distorts the aspect of death. By creating a memory as the trigger that reawakens death Poe reveals the theme of the story; that no matter the persons social class death comes for us all. In Edgar Allan Poe’s short story â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† he uses literary elements such as allusion, symbolism, and allegory to convey that death is inevitable. In the short story, Poe usesRead MoreSymbolism in the Masque of the Red Death Essay802 Words   |  4 PagesArrogance Kills Edgar Allen Poes The Masque of the Red Death is a typical dark Poe story, but it contains some unique themes and symbolism. In the story a disease known as the Red Death is ravaging the fictional place where the story is set, and it causes its victims to die quickly and painfully. Even though this disease is spreading rampantly, the prince, Prospero, does not care. He decides to lock the gates of his palace in order to keep away from the plague, ignoring the illness that is ravagingRead MoreEssay on The Masque of the Red Death: Symbolism1419 Words   |  6 Pagesusing illusion or misdirection keeps the reader is suspense throughout this story called The Masque of the Red Death. Symbolism such as the colored rooms, the impressive clock, the feeling of celebration being at a party all makes this story feel like a fairytale. Poe used this fairytale style and converts it into a nightmare in disguise. In the Masque of the Red Death, the first sentence, The Red Death had long devastated the country, sets the tone for the whole story. Poe describes the horrorsRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in The Masque of the Red Death520 Words   |  3 PagesSymbolism in The Masque of the Red Death Poe uses heavy symbolism throughout the story to convey his underlying theme: the inevitability of death and the futility of trying to escape death. The princes name, Prospero, generally denotes happiness and prosperity. The Prince possesses these characteristics yet is faced with a plague that he desperately attempting to avoid. This oxymoron is used to hint that this man of exuberance will soon be faced with tragedy. The fires in eachRead MoreThe Masque Of The Red Death Symbolism Analysis954 Words   |  4 PagesDarkness of Symbolism Gothic literature often has a common theme of fear and/or death. Author Edgar Allan Poe is the most well known gothic writer because of his famous dark and frightening short stories such as â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death.† Poe is so popular because of his ability to write stories that leave lasting effects on all readers. In this story, he uses many small symbols that then relate to the major symbols, such as Prince Prospero, his name represents his prosperous lifestyle. TheRead MoreMasque Of The Red Death Symbolism Essay700 Words   |  3 PagesThe Black Death, also known as The Red Death, killed over sixty percent of Europe’s population. â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, written by Edgar Allan Poe, is about wealth and privilege, where the prince hides from the Red Death with his revelers. Poe uses symbols such as setting, objects, along with characters to reveal an allegorical theme. Thus being the theme, everyone will perish, even the wealthy and privil eged. Each apartment in the abbey is a symbol that supports the theme. The apartmentsRead MoreSymbolism in the Masque of the Red Death by Edgar Allen Poe1655 Words   |  7 PagesSymbolism in The Masque of the Red Death The Masque of the Red Death is a short story written by acclaimed literary author, Edgar Allen Poe. The story is an emphasis on the fact that there is no avoiding death, no matter how hard you try, which is the overall theme. The text tells the story of Prince Prospero whose town is being plagued by the dreaded Red Death. He attempts to avoid the plague by inviting 1,000 of his closest friends, all of which are variably different, to isolate themselvesRead MoreSymbolism and in Edgar Allan Poes the Masque of the Red Death915 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Reyes Symbolism and in Edgar Allan Poes the Masque of the Red Death Thesis: Poe uses symbolism to unfold this gripping tale of terror. â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† is an allegory. It features a set of recognizable symbols whose meanings combine to convey a message. An allegory always operates on two levels of meaning: the literal elements of the plot (the colors of the rooms, for example) and their symbolic counterparts, which often involve large philosophical concepts (such as lifeRead MoreSymbolism In Edgar Allan Poes The Masque Of The Red Death1028 Words   |  5 Pagesis infinite, but unfortunately for human beings, they face times rath. Eventually, every living being or organism faces death, you cant escape it or run away from it, death is always around the corner. In â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† Edgar Allan Poe demonstrates this when the noble class and Prince Prospero tried to run away from the gruesome and infectious disease. Symbolism in the story is significant because it gives the reader more insight on how the a uthor feels towards something and gives

Essay on Imagery of Blood in William Shakespeares Play...

Imagery of Blood in William Shakespeares Play Macbeth In the play Macbeth , William Shakespeare uses blood as a symbol throughout the whole story to show the different emotions and themes within the context of the play. It’s a bit ironic for someone whose name means â€Å"the son of life† that he has to take so many lives instead of being a father to the people he was trying to rule. The play refers to blood in three key points to create great imagery in this play, guilt, honor, and family/ancestry are some strong points that this imagery is used. Blood shows many things in this play, such a thing like honor. Malcom the heir to the throne has made his way to England to escape the treacherous acts of the tyrant Macbeth. While there Macduff†¦show more content†¦Blood showing ancestry and family throughout this play usually entails that Macbeth will be taking the live of some family member close to the actual bloodline of the current king like King Duncans bloodline. Macbeth starts off the killing of innocent people on King Duncan the king of Scotland. Bloodthirsty Macbeth has the nerve to confront Malcom to talk about the death of his father â€Å"The spring, the head, the fountain of your blood/ Is stopped; the very source of it is stopped./ Your royal father murdered†(2.3.85). Donalbain and Malcom the two closest to the throne have there heads up as their father has been murdered as Donalbain proclaims when he says â€Å"There’s daggers in men’s smiles. The near in blood,/ The nearer bloody.†(2.3.128) The hubris of Macbeth bleeds so heavily when he is faced with a duel by Macduff a worthy Thane who suspects Macbeths wrong doings throughout the play. â€Å"And let the angel whom thou still hast served/ Tell thee Macduff was from his mother’s womb/ untimely ripped†(5.8.13). exclaims Macduff and puts Macbeth on his toes for he did not even think of something of the sort could stop his reign ofShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Shakespeares Imagery Ess ay1012 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s writings have touched many lives, both in the Elizabethan era and in today’s modern society. He has so many famous writings and plays that there are too many to talk about. He put a lot of time, heart, and effort into all of his writings. Three of his most famous major works are Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, and Hamlet. They are timeless and classics. It is even a question as to why they have lasted to this day. It is most likely because of Shakespeare’s popularity, imagery, andRead MoreMeaning Of Blood In Macbeth1318 Words   |  6 Pagesdescribe William Shakespeares World-Renowned play, Macbeth. Macbeth contains a copious amount of blood imagery, but not all of the imagery has to mean anything, or have the same exact meaning. Blood is omnipresent literally and figuratively throughout the play. What does blood actually mean in Macbeth? Some say blood represents the Macbeths’ guilt, and some include greed. In Jesuss point of view, blood has a holy and sacred meaning of life, and further support from Cliffnotes.com, â€Å"Blood itself —Read MoreEssay on Images, Imagery, Symbols, and Symbolism in Macbeth1723 Words   |  7 PagesImagery and Symbolism in Macbeth  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   With its eye-opening plot and interesting cast of characters, William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth is one of the greatest works one could ever read. But, above all, the aspect of the play is most impressive and overwhelming with imagery and symbolism that Shakespeare so brilliantly uses. Throughout the play, the author depicts various types of imagery and symbolism instances that, eventually, lead to the downfall of the main character, Macbeth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Read MoreEssay on Imagery in Macbeth1147 Words   |  5 Pagesis the blood that runs through its people’s veins. No one is a stranger to blood, and its universality allows many authors to utilize it as effective imagery in their literary works. British playwright William Shakespeare uses blood imagery in many of his plays, one prevalent example being Macbeth. In Macbeth, Shakespeare uses blood imagery to symbolize guilt, foreshadow negative events, and develop Macbeth as a tragic hero. In his famous tragedy Macbeth, Shakespeare uses blood imagery to symbolizeRead MoreImagery in Macbeth by William Shakespeare1172 Words   |  5 PagesImagery in Macbeth William Shakespeare use of imagery creates a picture in the mind of his audiences that tells a thousand words. In most of his literary work, he shows the importance of imagery, and how authors can manipulate a readers feelings towards a character. In Macbeth, one of Shakespeare’s greatest plays, he shows his very skillfully uses imagery. Macbeth is one of the great tragedy themed plays by William Shakespeare. It’s about three witches that decide to manipulate a Scottish generalRead More Blood Imagery in Macbeth Essay1916 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare’s Macbeth is a story taken from Scottish history and presented to the Scottish king James I. Shakespeare took this gory tale of murderous ambition, however, and transformed it into an imaginative tale of good and evil. Shakespeare brought about this transformation by relying upon â€Å"imaginative verbal vigor† that imbeds itself in the brilliantly concentrated phrases of this literary work. Critics have dubbed it his darkest work, along with King Lear. In his critique of Shakespeare’s worksRead MoreEssay on Images and Imagery in Macbeth939 Words   |  4 PagesImagery in Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚   Darkness, disorder, mayhem, fear, guilt, and hypocrisy are all important themes carried throughout William Shakespeares Macbeth by the effective use of imagery in reference to ill-fitting clothing, blood, and light verses dark. Imagery in this play tiptoes its way though every scene to create a malevolent atmosphere of shame and false pretenses.    The contrast between light and dark during Macbeth clearly relates to the conflict between good andRead MoreBlood Imagery in Macbeth Essay1451 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth is the ultimate story of a fight between the forces of good and evil. It tells the tale of a tragic hero whose quest for power leads to his ultimate downfall. Macbeth starts out as an honorable warrior but changes when his ambition becomes uncontrollable. As he becomes increasingly paranoid, Macbeth uses violent means to eliminate threats to his Scottish throne. As the play progresses, blood continuously plays a part in the events as the murders become more frequent. William ShakespeareRead MoreMacbeth’s Greed for Power Leads to his Inevitable Fate930 Words   |  4 Pages In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the audience watches as Macbeth, a noble thane of Scotland, kills the King in his greed for power and eventually fate repays him with a horrible and violent downfall. The readers can see how Shakespeare uses the certain imagery to amplify his theme of how one’s drive and need for power leading to corruption. One can see this with Shakespeares use dark in the play, his use of blood, and finally through his use of unnatural elements and beings. The readers see throughoutRead MoreTheme Of Blood Imagery In Macbeth872 Words   |  4 Pages MACBETH’S FALL INTO EVIL Shakespeare uses imagery to show Macbeth’s fall into evil. Darkness is invariably associated with evil and to a certain extent deception. William Shakespeare employs the imagery of darkness throughout his play of Macbeth. He uses dark images often to describe instruments of disorder and the evils which characters portray. Macbeth is a tragedy that was written by Shakespeare in the Elizabethan Era. In Elizabethan England night air was said to be impure and rheumy and it

Mental Toughness - 2178 Words

M4.25: DEVELOPING INDIVIUAL MENTAL TOUGHNESS REFLECTIVE REVIEW. PAULA BAXTER. EXAMINING MENTAL TOUGHNESS: The importance and implications of mental toughness: Mental toughness is having the natural or developed psychological edge that enables you to: âž ¢ Generally cope better than your opponents with the many demands (e.g.; competition, training, lifestyle.) that are placed on you as a performer. âž ¢ Specifically to be more consistent and better than your opponents in remaining determined, focused, confident, resilient, and in control under pressure (Jones et al, 2002.) Those within the sports world who have high levels of mental toughness are more likely to be more successful competitively than those of a lower scale.†¦show more content†¦Higher Scale Good at prioritising, time management, planning Can multi-task Believe they make a difference Problem solvers Lower Scale Poor time management Will not apply pressure to people Panic when given tasks Blame outside factors for lack of success COMMIMTMENT: Measures an individual’s ability to carry out tasks despite any obstacles that may arise. Sometimes described as ‘Stickability’. Higher Scale Maintains focus Will prioritise effort/activities Likes goal setting, when achieved show success Prepared to do what it takes/works long hours Lower Scale Become easily distracted Will avoid/miss targets Will do the absolute minimum Easily bored CONFIDENCE: Measures the degree we have of self-belief to successfully complete tasks. At the other end of the scale individuals will be unsettled by setbacks. This also have 2 subscales Confidence in Abilities: A measure of self esteem Higher Scale Believe they are right even if they are wrong Believe they are truly worthwhile people Happy to ask questions Tend to be optimistic about life Lower Scale Low self-belief/ inner belief missing Produce minimal responses Reluctant to ask questions Reluctant to do presentation/oral work Interpersonal Confidence: A measure of self-esteem Higher Scale Tend to be more assertive Able to cope better with awkward/difficult people Can be aggressive WillShow MoreRelatedThe Problem With Mental Toughness Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesMental toughness is not a new concept in sport, but is generally misunderstood. Coaches design programmes to develop mentally tough athletes, predominately in professional sport, to separate elite performers from good performers (Gould, Jackson, Finch, 1993) as physical talent itself is not the only component that can lead an athlete to success (Gucciardi, Gordon, Dimmock, 2008). The main problems with mental toughness are the inconsistency of its definition, and a lack of research into clearlyRead MoreImportance of Mental Toughness in Sport2933 Words   |  12 Pagescontinuing development of four key facets of performance, namely physical, technical, tactical, and mental skills. However, when physical, technical, and tactical skills are evenly matched, which commonly occurs in competition especially at the highest level , performers who possess more of what is commonly referred to as ‘‘mental toughness’’ appear to prevail more often than those with less mental toughness (Gucciardi, Gordon, amp; Dimmock, 2008). Psychological attributes such as self-confidence andRead MoreHow You Commit Mental Practices : Mental Toughness Secrets Essay704 Words   |  3 PagesHow To Commit Mental Practices - Mental Toughness Secrets By Gary M Bacon | Submitted On February 10, 2012 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Gary M Bacon It s the World Cup and David BeckhamRead MoreDeveloping and Identifying Mental Toughness Components among Malaysian Footballers2664 Words   |  11 PagesThis finding has important implications for developing and identifying mental toughness components among Malaysian footballers. Two hundred and thirty-eight raw data were extract from twelve respondent involved in this study, and further been categorized into 15 second data theme and eight main themes. The results of this study indicate eight main themes of mental toughness profile from the respondent which include 1) motivation 2) negative energy control 3) self-confident 4) positive energy controlRead MoreHow Parents Can Handle Their Swimmer s Failures And Mistakes1858 Words   |  8 Pages As a parent, what do you do to help your child work through their failure(s)? The first thing we need to talk about is strength. Mental toughness is created by the same way we build physical muscle. We build our muscles by breaking them down and creating tears in their fibers where new fibers can form creating an increase in thickness and quantity. Mental toughness relates to your ability to handle adversity, to perform when the pressure is on. Tough times make us stronger in the long run. ResearchRead MoreEssay On Student Athletes763 Words   |  4 Pageshelp destigmatize mental health issues that are prominent in athletics, due to the expected toughness each student-athlete feels the need to show to not let their teammates down.† In this description, it points out the main reason why mental issues among student-athlete are so knotty, as they are expected to be tough. Say in other words, mental health issues are not only stigmatized but it is also something that athletes are â€Å"not allowed† to have on account of their â€Å"toughness†. The inspirationRead MoreThe Building And Construction Industry Improvement894 Words   |  4 Pagespreventing suicides named Western Australian Suicide Prevention Strategy 2009-2013 Everybody’s Business (the WA Strategy). The WA Strategy involved the Ministerial Council for Suicide Prevention to take state-wide program for: †¢ Enhancing the power and toughness of the society; †¢ Developing the knowledge of the people over suicide and self-damage concerns; and †¢ Encouraging ability creation programs in communities under risk. The WA Strategy intended to target those young people from both the rural as wellRead MoreHow Psychopathic Characteristics Can Be Of Benefit969 Words   |  4 Pagesexperiences learning to cope with mental illness and being able to explore what causes the initial behaviors that many people can?t look past and honestly don?t want to. I wasn?t allowed to explore talk openly about ?itwhatever ?it was? that was causing me to act out seek other vices to cope because ?it? wasn?t getting addressed. It just wasn?t isn?t your average topic at the dinner table or it wasn?t then. I wanted to explore the lighter side of mental illness and the positive. (Can I sayRead MoreCauses Of Homelessness1405 Words   |  6 Pageswe must understand their mental health and behavioral needs. The information they all share in common are the factors why a specific type of population became homeless. The interrelation of homelessness and mental illness are informed by many factors such as; the lack of support, extreme poverty, substance abuse, lack of affordable health insurance, and lack of affordable housing. The homeless population shares different struggles when dealing with homelessness and mental illnesses because there areRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Medications In Sports1602 Words   |  7 Pagesor two. Yet when that same athlete has a mental disorder, there is no armada of medical personnel, but rather an athlete often left abandoned. Sports, too often, are concealed to hide deeply rooted mental health issues. The better the athlete, the more desperate they are to reach the next level; the less likely they will reach out for help. Th e abiding irony is that athletes--our indestructible gladiators, our iron-clad warriors--might be more prone to mental illness than the population at large. Thus

Operations Management Addressing Global Issues

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Operations Management of Addressing Global Issues. Answer: Introduction Efficient management of the business by the administrative head is known as operation management. The main responsibility of the operation manager in a business is to manage the productivity of the organizations by efficient use of resource that is scarce in nature. The main aim of the report is to analyze a case study of an organization and discuss its operations. The assignment discusses the principles of supply chain management, inventory and capacity management, risk management, waste management and the global issues of the organization. Various theoretical concepts of supply chain management are explained in application to the organization or the company (Chase 2012). Operational manager is the administrative head of the organization that is responsible for managing the business. Business strategies are formed by the manager and implied by them for the benefit of the organization. Operations management is a multidisciplinary subject that has diverse nature and is different for organizations or business. Operation manager is responsible for planning, supervising and organizing the productivity of an organization. The broad prospective of operations management is supply chain management and logistics. The task of the operation manager is to handle routine and non-routine tasks of the organization (Hill and Hill 2012). The five main performance objective of operations management is quality, flexibility, cost, speed and dependability. The company chosen by the author is Coca Cola because Coca Cola has the most sophisticated and well-managed operations in Singapore (Marshall and Farahbakhsh 2013). The distribution system of the organization is also very sophisticated. Coca cola is a beverage company that is engaged in producing and supplying carbonated soft drinks but in Singapore, it operates on a sustainable level where communities and healthy style come into play in the value chain. Coca cola is also known as Coke that is the leading dominancy in the fresh water. The beverages that the company is involved in supplying come in various varieties such as diet coke, lemon drink and Coca Cola light. The company has many distribution centers all across the world and there are many vendors selling the product (Krajewski et al. 2013). The main competitor of Coca Cola is Pepsi that is also involved in supplying the same product. The mission statement of the company is to inspire moments of optimism and happiness, while creating value for shareowners and making a difference across the word. The company in Singapore is not only involved in making profit, but is also actively involved in many social responsibilities (Slack 2015). The employees of the company work hard to accomplish the goals of the organization. The company has a channel through which it supplies its products to the end user. The products first goes to the warehouse from the production house, from warehouses it is transported to distribution centers, then it reaches the retail sector and then to the consumers. The main strategy used by the company is its total quality management. The organization concentrates on maintaining the quality of the product and services that it provides to its customers (Karnani 2013). Hence, operations management is an essential function of an organization that needs to be managed efficiently for an effective result. Purpose of the case study The main purpose of the case study is to analyze the operations management of an organization. The author in this report first describes the theoretical framework of operations management. This includes supply chain management, inventory and capacity management, methods for improving operations, risk management, waste management, and global and international issues. These theories are then applied to the organization chosen. In this case, it is Coca Cola Company operating in Singapore. The author discusses the supply chain management of Coca Cola Company and its other operations management such as inventory management and waste management (Drake and Spinler 2013). At last, the author gives a recommendation as to how the company can improve its operations management in Singapore in order to achievecompetitive advantage in value chain. The main reason for selecting Coca Cola Company is that the distribution and production of the company is very sophisticated. The operations of the company are well managed. The case study provides the detail analysis of the company, the aims and objectives, the strategies used by the organization and the theoretical concepts. The aim of the operations manager is to manage day to day task at organization so that it is able to fulfill its aims and objectives. Operations management is a multi-disciplinary subject. The main area of concern is to discuss the supply chain management of the company and focus on the ways that can improve the operations such as demand forecasting, calculations and strategy building (Lambert and Schwieterman 2012).Operations management is an important function of the organization. The main strategy adopted by the company was its change in structure in promotional strategy. The company decided to become more flat that is treat everyone equal where the employee s are also included in decision-making. Theoretical framework Techniques and designs for improving operations- The operations can improve through various ways. First is through proper demand forecasting. A company should hire a team of experts that is able to forecast the demand so that the goods that are produced are sold in the market. This will lead to low piling of stocks and unnecessary inventory. Demand forecasting also helps the producers knows the types of goods the customers need (Mitra 2016).The other way to improve operational efficiency is by using the KT process that is the Kepner Tregoe (KT). The KT process works to reduce the waste. Lower the cost of production and develop methods for better sustainable programs. Through intelligent formulation of techniques the process helps in efficient utilization of limited resources. The overall costs also improve that helps in unit cost reduction. The main technique for improving operational efficiency is efficiently managing its supply chain management and quality in order to reduce the cost and manage the operations efficiently (Krajew skiet al.2013). Creating effective business processes with partners also helps in improving the operational efficiency. Communication is one of the essential tools that helps improving business operations and improve efficiency. Effective time and cost management is also essential for improving the business efficiently. Unnecessary travel time should be avoided as this will also help in lowering the costs of operations (Yin 2013). Employee satisfaction is as important as customer satisfaction as this will help in lower turnover and also reduce the cost of production. An efficient will be able to produce the goods more efficiently by reducing the cost and time of production (Myerset al.2016). Inventory and capacity management Warehouse is a place that is used to store the inventories and buffer stocks temporarily before being supplied to the clients and customers or distributors. Inventory management is meeting the demand of the customers by supplying the given amount of goods. Capacity management is the management of scarce resources so that it is available at right time and place (Seuring 2013). This includes management of raw materials as well as management of the finished goods. Capacity is the maximum output rate relating to the amount of goods and services that the company can produce when the company is running at its full potentiality. There are various factors that impact capacity management. This includes human factors that are labors, external factors such as regulations and policies, supply, process, facilities and capacity of network (Wisneret al.2014). Inventories are goods that are not sold in the market. Inventory adds on to the stock of the company. Maintaining stocks of the company at warehouses is known as inventory management. There are various advantages and disadvantages of inventory management.Inventory helps the companies in economies of scale. Goods are available at the time when no production takes place (Stadtler2015). It also helps in time of unforeseen events and scenarios. The disadvantage of inventory management is that it increases the cost of production as the company has to regularly maintain the stock of inventories (Reedand Zhang2014). Some of the companies hold the stocks of inventories intentionally so that they are able to sell the goods at higher prices during the time of low production. There are various types of inventories such as raw materials and consumables. Such as fuel, stationary and other goods that are required for production (Barney2012). Inventories also include items and packing materials tha t are used for production process. Goods are stored either for repair or to resell the product. There are five reasons for keeping stock. The basic reasons are time management where the suppliers at every stage require maintaining some amount of inventory. It is stored to manage inventories for consumption as well. The second reason to keep inventory is to provide the goods during the time when the demand varies (Schnsleben 2016). Producers capacity is fixed where the demands for the goods are periodical. Hence, stock accumulation is used to anticipate the future consumption. Inventories are maintained as buffers to meet uncertainties in demand (Chenand Simchi-Levi2012). Principles of supply chain management- Supply chain management is the supervision of the supplies of the organization. The main purpose of the supply chain management is to transport and provide the finished products to the end user that is the customers. Supply chain management is an overview of the flow of information, materials and finances from the producers to suppliers to wholesalers to retailers to consumers. For the sustainability of the business, the entire supply chain process should be sustainable in nature (Dyckhoffet al.2013). There are seven principles of supply chain management that are as follows: Supply chain should be adapted based on the needs of the services of each customer segment. Fulfilling the needs of the customers should be the first priority of any organization. The second principle is managing and customizing logistics network for each customer segment (Seuringand Goldbach2013). The third principle is forecasting the demand for the product and sharing the data across the supply chain practitioners. The main reason is to avoid the unnecessary holding of stocks (DeCroix2013) The fourth principle of supply chain management is differentiating products close to the customers as it helps in product variety. The fifth principle is time management in order to ensure that the product reaches the customers on time (Brownet al.2013). The sixth principle is developing IT service in order to support multi level decision making. The supply chain should not only be based considering the service but also the financial metrics so that the entire process is in budget (Fredendall and Hill2016). Supply chain management is the cross functional approach that manages the entire process of production and distribution from managing the movement of raw materials to the finished products. Supply chain management is the flow of goods, services and information from the suppliers to manufacturers to retailers to consumers (Coelhoand Laporte2014). Waste and Lean management- Elimination of waste is known as lean management. Waste management is the management of the operations so that the firms generate the least amount of waste in its operations to reduce the harmful impact to the environment. Efficient operations include least waste generation. There are various techniques that ten firms can use to reduce the waste. This includes efficient utilization of the resources (Martnez-Juradoand Moyano-Fuentes2014). Recycling the products and reusing the recycled products in its manufacturing. Overutilization of resources leads to large amount of waste generation. Waste management does not only mean generating less amount of waste but it also means managing the generated waste in such a manner so that it is not harmful to the environment (Guerreroet al.2013). Waste management includes monitoring and regulating the waste from its disposal, processing, transportation and generation. It means managing the raw materials efficiently. It is the duty of producers and the employees to ensure that the waste is managed efficiently (Govindanet al.2014). Sustainability is a concept that is gaining a wide range of popularity. Sustainability means utilization of the scarce resource in such a way that the resources are available in future generation without hampering the development of the current generation (Blackman 2016). Coca- cola and many other brands manages the resources efficiently so that it is able to generate the least amount of waste. Application of the theory Operation management of Coca Cola Operation management of Coca Cola includes productivity improvement of the company and quality improvement of manufactured products. Resource utilization, designing, product packaging, labeling etc are part of operation management. The operation manager of Coca Cola is responsible for maintaining high technology, product innovation and achieving companys goal. Distribution of products across retail store is also part of operation management. Formation of operation strategy helps in business process of the company (Zawislaket al. 2012). Operation manager monitors elasticity of demand for Coca cola product, cost management. Design of physical shape of Coca Cola product, composition is given priority as demand for product is influenced by presentation of the product. Planning is a part of the operation of Coca Cola, which control the resource utilization in production(coca-cola.co.uk 2016). Coca Cola in Singapore enjoys competitive advantage over its rival. In order to get competitive advantage in the market, the operation management focuses on ingredient of the products, bottling and distribution of Coke product. Expansion of beverage portfolio in compliance with the increasing demand is given priority. The techniques that can be operated in the value chain in increasing the demand in Singapore is majorly based on plant structure where it has employed almost 300 people across operations (Ramchandani 2016). Techniques of Coca-Cola for improving operation KORE that operates in Caca Cola enables sustainable performance to monitors continuous improvement and standard of product and product safety. This department takes preventive action in case of arises of any product standard issue. To solve the product issue, KORE gives importance to Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point or HACCP. This system helps the company to manage risk related to product standard. Being a global company, the company has to maintain different food standard regulation of that country. In past, this company had to face several issues related to product safety standard due to reporting of physical hazard problem of consumers. Biological and chemical composition of ingredients soft drinks affect final consumption of finished products. In US, The Food and Drug administration makes it mandatory to maintain HACCP criteria for Juice and meat (www.coca-cola.co.uk 2016). During 2014, India government for not meeting license issue charged the company. Due to violation of rule, the company suffered financial loss as government rejected the application of Coca-Cola Company for the expansion of bottling plant. The company faced loss, as the plant was already built. The company has suffered from other allegations such excessive use of ground water, wastage of water, not meeting pollution standards etc. (Indiaresource.org, 2016). Cost reduction is a strategy for improvement in operation in Singapore. During 2014, the decision rule has been taken by operation management to reduce cost as the sales volume of Coca-Cola was grown by only 1% compared to expected 3%. This was mainly due to the shutdown of plant structure in Singapore and the loss of employment. Whereas in countries of North America, the sales volume was dropped by 1% during same period. As per report of July 2016, company has decided to reduce cost of operation due to making more than expected profit in third quarter. Cost cut will help the company to reduce price of the product. Decrease in price may lead to rise in demand. As a cost reduction policy, the company targets to save annual cost by $3 billionuntil2019 (www.coca-colacompany.com 2016). The company has set its objective to cut job and selling a few bottling units as a principle of cost reduction but bottling the product assumes to be the main challenge in Singapore. This policy is not via ble as it has social impact. Moreover, this policy may affect production process in future. Turnover of employees can reduce the productivity of the company. For full utilization of production capacity, optimal use of resource is necessary (Lambert and Schwieterman 2012). Maintenance of labor capital ratio per unit of production is required to meet total production target. However, selling bottling unit can be profitable as this can help to generate cash to meet short term liabilities. Inventory and capacity management strategy of Coca-Cola Inventory of Coca-Cola includes raw material used in production and finished product. The finished product incorporates Syrup used in Coca-Cola and finished beverages. Inventories of Coca-Cola Company are valued at market cost. In valuation of Inventory policy, the company uses FIFO method. FIFO method considers selling of first product, which has been bought first. This method is considered better than LIFO method. Use of FIFO method helps the company to manage inventory efficiently (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). If firstly bough good is sold first, this reduces the chance of the asset being obsolete. If the assets or products are stored in the company for long time, no revenue is generated from this activity. Selling obsolete assets generate no profit. Therefore, it is better for the company to sell inventory before it become obsolete (Adeyemi and Salami 2010). Status of inventory is appeared in the balance sheet of the company. Early selling of inventory generates cash, which can be used to finance any immediate financial needs. If the company is able to generate sufficient cash from selling inventory, this improves current assets of the company. If current asset is more than current liabilities, this improves current ratio. Current ratio shows companys financial performance. If the current asset is more than current liabilities, company can effectively, able to meet its short-term liabilities. Investors prefer the current ratio to be 2, which mean current assets of the company are double compared to current liabilities. It signifies good liquidity position of the company (Brigham and Houston 2012). The reduction in inventory due to increase in current assets will not only add liquid cash and cash equivalent but also might prove beneficial for Singapore. The financial report of Coca-Cola company shows that inventory amount of Coca-cola unit has decreased from 2013 to 2015. During 2013, the amount of inventory was US$3277 million, which has been reduced to US$2902 during 2015. Therefore, it can be inferred that management of Coca-Cola Company has been able to manage inventory efficiently. Among the inventory, raw material finished goods have been released from $1240 million during 2013 to $1032 million during 2015. In calculation of inventory, balance of noncurrent inventory is excluded (www.coca-colacompany.com 2015). For better management of inventory, it is important to track inventory from time to time highlighting its production and distribution. Operation management of the company monitors inventory regularly by checking inventory of different stores. If there is any occurrence of loss of inventory, management takes initiative to check and compensate the loss. This company also follows perpetual inventory techniques (www.coca-colacompany.com 2016). In this method, inventory is calculated after every purchase of raw material and sale of finished product. Frequent update of inventory helps the company to manage its liquidity efficiently. This method is very useful, however it is costly to use and time consuming to calculate. One important aspect of this method is that, company can access the data from anywhere of the world, if it is technology driven. This facility gives management an opportunity to manage inventory anywhere of the world, as it is a multinational company. There is risk of making error in calculating inventory (Adeyemi and Salami 2010). If there is any incorrect entry in inventory management data book, the calculation gives wrong result. Inaccurate inventory value presents false statement about companys financial position. Supply chain management system The main objective of Coca-Colas supply chain management is to form a modern supply chain, making a consistent process of acquisition and integration of manufacturing activities with retail sector. In order to do that, the management of the company has taken policy to install SAP ERP system (Monczkaet al. 2015). Figure: Supply chain management of Coca-Cola (Source:Monczka et al. 2015) SAP is an extensive supply chain management tool, which helps management to control demand and supply of product in the market, inventory management, controlling logistic network. Planning manufacturing activities, transportation management and sales management are also done through this software (Brownet al. 2013). Enterprise resource planning helps the Coca-Cola Company to manage available information and to integrate several departments of the organizations in several countries. Furthermore, use of ERP system increases the operational efficiency of the company. As discussed above, SAP system helps the company in inventory management. It also helps to improve customer service (Fernie 2014). Figure: ERP system and contribution to supply chain management (Source:Fernie 2014) As depicted in above diagram, the ERP system helps to manage customer relation, which is important to improve business expansion. Customer satisfaction increases customer loyalty, which further helps to attract new customers towards business. According to Says law of macroeconomics, supply creates its demand itself. This theory is applicable here. Supply of quality products and maintenance of safety standard satisfy customer. Customer satisfaction helps for expansion of business by creating more demand for their product. Maintaining data warehouse is an approach, which facilitates the company to understand customer choice and preference (Aminiet al. 2012). Product recycling, manufacturing, packaging, refrigeration and distribution are included in supply chain management of Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola follows aggressive marketing strategy in business operation. Use of information technology improves productivity of the company. Integration of different retail outlay across the Singapore makes the operation performance easier. In supply chain management, the company values local demand for product. The objective of the company is to maintain same taste irrespective of wherever it is produced. The supply chain of Coca-Cola is basically customer driven (Karnani 2013). Waste and lean management Coca- Cola maintains its corporate social responsibilities in business operation. It considers maintenance of environment standard regulated by the country, where business operates. During 2009, the company took an ecofriendly strategy named Eco-bottle. The plastic used in bottle is made from byproduct of sugarcane, which is recyclable. The Eco-bottle is not biodegradable. At every stage of supply chain management such as transportation and use of raw material, production, packaging, distribution, the company tries to maintain environment standard, which constitutes to be the essential part when operating in Singapore. Waste is generated at every stage of product life cycle. Waste management has also impact on environment. At the process of waste management, there is a chance of generating byproducts and pollutants. This reduces production of byproducts, the company required to employ improved technology (Dauvergneet al. 2012). In order to maintain carbon footprint in production, the company invested US$300 million in the recycling plant. For business operation in different countries, the company has faced several issues related to water usage and health hazard. Investment in recycling plan as a part of supply chain management has raised companys ability to recycle used products in ebery country. The company has target for water usage and wastage reduction by 2020 compared to 2004. Zero waste is a vision of company, which operates globally and depends on future growth prospect (Atsmonet al. 2012). Recommendations During 2016, the company expects to increase in operating profit by 6% -8% globally. Although, Singapore has facing many bottlenecks in relation to its plant in Singapore but there is still the drive to retain its sizeable sales force, sales and marketing, warehousing, distribution, procurement, human resources, finance/administration, legal and IT functions. Moreover, companyitself has experienced slow growth rate and fall in production during first and second quarter of 2015. Gross profit of the company has decreased due to fall in net operating revenue despite reduction in cost of production. Therefore, the sales volume has decreased during 2014-15. It can be recommended to the company that strategy needs to be taken to improve sales volume. As a part of long run strategy, capacity improvement requires to be given priority to increase sales. It has been seen that current assets has increased from 2014 to 2015 although short-term investment and amount of liquid cash have fallen. It signifies that company has suffered from decreasing liquidity, which may create problem to meet short-term liabilities. It may happen some times that company requires finance for any unprecedented incident. To face that incidence without difficulty, liquid cash is required. Hence, it is needed to maintain a certain level of cash and cash equivalent in short run. As per above analysis, the company gives priority to long-term vision but fails to operate in plant factories. However, short-term operational issues are required to be given priority. If short term is no met, it is not possible for the company to meet long-term goal. Although the company is able to manage inventory effectively, it fails to manage accounts receivables, which may create cash flow problem for the company. Accounts receivables indicates the amount that are payable by consumers. If the receipts from customer come before the period of account payable to the creditors and suppliers, this creates cash flow problems. Cash flow problems affect daily business performance of the company. Therefore, operation management needs to give attention in capacity improvement and sales increase. It has been seen that net operating income during 2015 was highest from North America. Therefore, business performance in other territories whether it is Singapore, North America or Europe needs to be improved in order to achieve long-term growth prospective of the company. Besides this quality control, issue and waste management require to be given more priority for effective control of supply chain management. Information management system Coca-Cola uses SAP software as a part of enterprise resource planning in information management system. This software is effective to manage business. However, information system can be improved further. Information management system of a company has several aspects such as document and record management, digital asset management and data collaboration with other subsidiaries of this company etc. Therefore, people, business process, and implementation of technology are included in the information management. Company may face challenges for information management such employee turnover, lack of clarity in companys strategy, diverse business needs. Hence, to overcome the problems, first thing that is needed is improvement of skill of employees and the retention power of the employees for the company to grow in Singapore. Employees need training about usage of new technology. With changing work environment, the workstation needs to be replaced with a new one. Company can install a decision support system for manager. This system aggregates data of different department and presents in a report format. Using this report, manager can analyze the proposed decision in the report and make own decision. Electronic data processing system is an effective decision making tool. Company can use this system to record transaction and business reporting. Project management First step of project management is planning of project. For efficient management of a undertaken project, formation of a cohesive team is needed. Customer relationship management is a part of project management. At the planning stage, the manager would analyse the scope of the project and expected outcome. The project may be expansion of existing business in a new market or may be launch of a new product. Therefore, analysis of market expectation regarding a new project is required. To evaluate market demand, the company can conduct a primary survey at the target market. Resource planning is an important task of project management. Proper estimation of budget, resource allocation and preparation of time schedule are required. An effective communication plan is required to communicate with stake holders of the project such as employees, manager, customers, suppliers and shareholders (Brownet al. 2013). At the execution and project monitoring stage, the management needs to conduct a variance analysis. This analysis is necessary to see the variance of actual time, financial and physical resources from the budgeted allocation. Management needs to control the budgetary variance to reduce resource wastage. After completion of the project, an audit requires to be done to evaluate project success. Role of operation manager Operation manager is responsible for monitoring daily business operation and project management. Operation manager has important role in building good relation with customer by addressing all complaints and problems immediately (Hill and Hill 2012). Staff management, budget management, project planning, managing risks of a project all are important task of operation manager. The manage needs to oversee budgetary variance and financial performance of the Coca-Cola business. If actual expenditure of the project is more than budget allocation, fund problem may arise in the business. Operation manager requires managing finance and timing schedule for every task of the project to reduce wastage of resource. Conclusion Operations management is a very efficient tool that is essential to manage the business effectively. The role of operational manager is to manage the resources efficiently in order to effectively accomplish the business. Operations management includes supply chain management, waste management, quality management, cost management and effective time management. Coca Cola Company is a branded company that is famous all over the world for its effective operations but has been facing bottlenecks in plant structure in Singapore. The company has a sophisticated brand image due to the business plan that it has developed. The supply chain of the company includes the suppliers, the manufacturers, the distributors, retailers and the customers. Company is engaged in various social responsibilities which makes it sustainable in different countries. The aim of the company is to generate the least amount of waste and hence the company uses the recycled products in its manufacturing. The main concen tration of the company is in quality development of the product. It ensures that the customers get the best quality product. Its aim is to satisfy the needs of the customers. References Addressing Global Issues. (2016). [online] The Coca-Cola Company. Available at: https://www.coca-colacompany.com/our-company/addressing-global-issues [Accessed 25 Jul. 2016]. Adeyemi, S.L. and Salami, A.O., 2010. Inventory management: A tool of optimizing resources in a manufacturing industry a case study of coca-cola bottling company, Ilorin Plant.Journal of social Sciences,23(2), pp.135-142. 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Polyphonic Hmi Mixing Music and Math free essay sample

Thus there are two key challenges to address: what is the target market ND desired positioning of HAS and what Is the plan for marketing this product to achieve that positioning, given a tight shoestring budget. 2 SITUATION ANALYSIS Polyphonic HIM wants to launch, what they consider, a sophisticated, new, revolutionary software product in the music industry, with stringent budget and time constraints and therefore must swiftly define a target market and marketing plan.This begins by utilizing a framework for performing a situation analysis of the internal, the micro and macro environmental situation, composed of the typical five CSS: customers, Company, collaborators, competition, context. There are three potential target customer segments that have several unique aspects. Firstly, the record labels, that employ artist-and-repertoire (AR) people, that amongst other activities, decides whether to market a new album and if needed select one or more songs from it to be released as singl es. We will write a custom essay sample on Polyphonic Hmi: Mixing Music and Math or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is by far the smallest segment with Just over a thousand representatives, who gain their reputations and therefore wealth, based on their ability to successfully select hit songs. An AR person has a very high erasure role, always on the lookout for new talents, as they wade through hundreds of demos of new incoming artists, received on a weekly basis, while managing up to 20 artists currently on a recording contract.Secondly, the producers who can be employed by record labels or are independent, are the second largest target segment, with only a handful that are really successful and thousands of others constantly striving to establish themselves. Producers are similar to AR people but can also be engaged In many other different aspects of the production chain from editing the song to marketing the artist. Finally, the largest target customer segment is the unsigned artists, comprising tens of thousands of individuals desperately hoping to secure a recording contract with labels, while working on a tight budget.The Polyphonic HIM Company is a subsidiary of Barcelona based Group AI and was established in 2002 to market a tool that uses a process to number crun ch music into its constituent mathematical characteristics, such as tempo, harmony, etc. Based on these, a dotted visual representation Is created where songs with similar characteristics are positioned close to each other, thereby creating a mapping of now hit songs, that they call hit clusters (see Exhibit l). The extent to which new releases fit those clusters should indicate their hit potential. While not known to the music industry, Polyphonic HIM has already attempted a market penetration with a music recommendation system (based on the HAS core technology) to be used close to the end of the value chain, the retailers, to support them in Increasing sales to Albeit, the Company works with a small group of scientists and has the ability to borrow specialized resources from the parent Company, keeping running costs low UT specialized relevant competences readily available. Due to this first failure it is difficult to imagine that Polyphonic HIM may have any collaborators of their product offering.However, there is great potential for them to explore some, as their top management and advisory board comes with a strong background in the music industry. Prominent names such as MET, BMW and Sony Music Entertainment appear Nothing the biographies of some of their key staff and strong consideration should be made to the possibility of establishing collaborations with such influenti al opinion traders and distribution channels in the industry, as initial sales presentations of HAS have been met with skepticism or little attention by record label executives.This is mostly due to the fact that it is the first of its kind bearing the advantages of no direct competition. However, HAS will compete indirectly with other market research methods of call-out studies, internet polling and focus groups, used by record companies. Moreover, if it is successful, the low barriers to entry for software products may result in swift competitive reactions and the creation of new direct competitors who could take a share of its targeted market.